Energy-constrained ZigBee-based Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) commonly experience performance degradation due to idle listening, inefficient broadcast dissemination, false acknowledgment reception, and increased latency in multi-hop communication. These limitations significantly reduce network lifetime and adversely affect quality of service, especially in dense and large-scale deployments. To address these challenges, this paper presents a cognition-inspired, state-aware communication mechanism that combines an adaptive advertisement packet strategy with a modified Medium Access Control (MAC) scheduling framework. The proposed scheme introduces a dynamic pricing-based parent–child association model that considers node energy status, traffic conditions, and link reliability. In addition, repeated advertisement–ACK handshakes are employed to improve synchronization and ensure robust link establishment along routing paths. An energy-aware MAC scheduling approach is further integrated to adapt listening and transmission behavior according to traffic priority and node operational states, thereby reducing unnecessary idle listening and acknowledgment errors. MATLAB-based simulations are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism under various network conditions. The results demonstrate notable improvements in throughput, end-to-end latency, and node lifetime compared with conventional IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee operations and representative benchmark algorithms, including EEHC and DB-EBH. By enhancing node awareness, strengthening multi-hop synchronization, and improving the reliability of both unicast and broadcast communications, the proposed approach offers an efficient solution for next-generation low-power WSN applications.
ZigBee, IEEE 802.15.4, Advertisement Packet, MAC Scheduling, Energy Efficiency, Connectivity Enhancement, Wireless Sensor Networks.
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